By E. Dring During a composting process, organic matter biodegrades into a humic material. Maturity is a measurement of the humus matter...

By A. Clare Introduction: Sustainable food systems form a core part of the European Green Deal, which aims to tackle the climate and...

By A. Clare Introduction: Sustainable food systems form a core part of the European Green Deal, which aims to tackle the climate and...

By A. Clare There is a continuous debate regarding what constitutes a ‘sustainable diet’. The ‘Farm to Fork’ strategy is at the heart of...

By E. Dring The footwear industry produces billions of shoes each year. Most of these shoes end up in landfill (Jadhav and Jadhav, 2020)....

By E. Dring Hides and skins are a by-product of the meat industry. Raw hides and skins biodegrade rapidly in compost (<10 days); the...

Part 1 By E. Dring Composting is the biodegradation of organic matter to form a mineralised humic product known as compost (Argun et al.,...

By A. Clare Exotic leather comprises 1% of the leather industry; its unique pattern and structure distinguish it from leather produced...

By A. Clare The strive towards sustainable leather processing is causing the leather industry to address environmental issues and...

By A. Clare Approximately 6.5 million tons of wet-salted hides/skins are processed worldwide every year. For every ton of raw material,...

By A. Clare The term ‘by-product’ forms the core of the leather industry – the hides/skins from which leather is made are, economically,...

By A. Clare Degradation of Vegetable-tanned Leathers Part 2: - The Marine Environment: The application of vegtans in leather making is...

By A. Clare Vegetable tanning agents (vegtans) were used for thousands of years until 1885 when the discovery of the versatile nature of...

“Vegan” leather and the marine environment: By A. Clare Since the rise in veganism, the demand for a vegan leather material has...

In Part 4 of the Heart of Leather Biodegradability, we looked how measures to manage bacteria and fungi in tanning processes can be used...

In Part 3 of the Heart of Leather Biodegradability we looked at the challenges that bacteria and fungi present in the tanning...

In Part 1 of The Heart of Leather Biodegradability, we looked at the role that bacteria and fungi play in biodegradability and introduced...

This is the first in a four-part series that takes a detailed look at the chemistry and biology of the biodegradability of leather. At...

Many of the words in English come from Greek, Latin, or Anglo-Saxon origins. Etymologists make it their livelihood to study and...

What, would you say, might be one of the most common causes of disagreement between tanners and manufacturers in the buying and selling...