Fertile soils contain organic matter and minerals suitable for plant growth. Some forests have nutrient rich soils which are well drained...

By K. Flowers Compostable is a very carefully controlled term. It is not as prone to the greenwashing that the word biodegradability...

Rainforests are a vast ecosystem, thriving in biodiversity. Organisms within a rainforest have adapted to a forests soil and climate in...

By A. Clare Biobased materials are those that comprise of one or more substances derived from biomass. Biomass often includes feedstocks...

Organisms use nutrients for growth, repair, and reproduction. Plants uptake essential nutrients from soil. Nutritious soils which can...

Spurious Correlations “While some claim that hides and skins are by-products of the meat industry, the leather industry is a...

One in five children in Britain are climate fatalists – they have given up because they believe it can’t be fixed. This is one of the...

What does COP26 mean for the leather industry? – 19 November 2021 The Glasgow Climate Pact (GCP) has been ratified and agreed. It is a...

By A. Clare The carbon cycle describes the process in which carbon flows between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere (Figure 1)....

By E. Dring Contaminated soils can be toxic for plants, animals, and humans. The texture of the soil can affect a pollutant’s mobility...

By A. Clare Leather has for a long time been a popular material due to its unique properties and natural appearance. During...

By E. Dring During a composting process, organic matter biodegrades into a humic material. Maturity is a measurement of the humus matter...

By A. Clare Introduction: Sustainable food systems form a core part of the European Green Deal, which aims to tackle the climate and...

By A. Clare Introduction: Sustainable food systems form a core part of the European Green Deal, which aims to tackle the climate and...

By A. Clare There is a continuous debate regarding what constitutes a ‘sustainable diet’. The ‘Farm to Fork’ strategy is at the heart of...

By E. Dring The footwear industry produces billions of shoes each year. Most of these shoes end up in landfill (Jadhav and Jadhav, 2020)....

By E. Dring Hides and skins are a by-product of the meat industry. Raw hides and skins biodegrade rapidly in compost (<10 days); the...

Part 1 By E. Dring Composting is the biodegradation of organic matter to form a mineralised humic product known as compost (Argun et al.,...

By A. Clare Exotic leather comprises 1% of the leather industry; its unique pattern and structure distinguish it from leather produced...

By A. Clare The strive towards sustainable leather processing is causing the leather industry to address environmental issues and...